Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Effective planning, scheduling, and synchronization of all production activities\nare the key responsibilities of the management of a manufacturing plant.\nTherefore, it is necessary for the management of the plant to design the production\nprocess so that the total production cost is minimized, subject to the\navailable resources that cannot be compromised. In this study, a biscuit manufacturing\nplant is selected and an integer linear programming (ILP) model is\nformulated to determine aggregate number of batches that the plant should\nproduce from each product per month so that monthly demand is satisfied\nwith available resources. The objective is to minimize the monthly production\ncost of the plant. The required data were collected from the production plant\nfor a period of one month, and then, the objective function and constraints\nwere formulated. The management has given a paramount importance in satisfying\nthe demand so that there will not be any unsatisfied customer. According\nto the managerial requirement, any feasible solution obtained by the\nmodel must satisfy the demand. Therefore, demand constraint is considered\nas a hard constraint. The management is forced to adjust the labour and machine\nrequirements more frequently according to the monthly demand. Thus,\nlabour and machine hour constraints are considered as soft constraints. Formulated\nILP model was implemented as a spreadsheet model in Excel and\nsolved using Excel Solver which uses the simplex algorithm and incorporates\nthe integer requirement of the model when finding the optimal solution. Total\navailable labour and machine hours can be changed within a particular\nrange until a feasible solution is found. The solved model determines the\nnumber of batches to be produced from each product and the corresponding\nminimum cost per month. By implementing this production plan, manufacturing\nexcess of biscuits can be avoided and hence utilizes the physical and\nhuman resources to the optimum manner. Additionally, the machine and\n labour idle times and the needed overtime hours can be identified using the\nsolution while the additional overtime cost will be added to the monthly\nproduction cost....
The paper discusses the findings of the case study of applying multiple-criteria decision-making\n(MCDM) method to select attributes of the Enterprise Architecture (EA) frameworks for an e-\nGovernment implementation in a developing country. The paper follows on earlier work by the same\nauthors, which focussed on identifying critical success factors to deploy a good enterprise architecture\nproposed for e-Government projects in Botswana. The research continues to contribute to an e-\nGovernment service architecture, and here to explore the processes of selecting an appropriate\nenterprise architecture framework in the context of a developing country such as Botswana. This\nselection process aligns the organisational goals with the known attributes of EA Frameworks. The\nauthors apply an MCDM tool, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select EA frameworks attributes\nfrom four alternatives which are; the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework (ZEAF), Federal\nEnterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF), The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) and\nTreasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF). These frameworks constitute the four common\nEA frameworks for e-Government projects. The research concludes that adopting enterprise\narchitecture when developing e-Government helps to visualise business functions and to support ICT\ncomprehensively. The government must select a suitable EA framework before they implement\nEnterprise Architecture. Also, the findings demonstrate that ZEAF attributes are the most preferred\nattributes. The results are also consistent with the literature review, and they establish the viability of\nutilising MCDM methods in EA projects to improve decision making....
However, among global foreign investment, the failure rate of Chinese enterprisesâ??\nforeign direct investment has remained high. By analyzing the tracking\ndata of Chinaâ??s large-scale foreign investment in 2005-2016, this paper studies\nthe relationship between institutional distance, bilateral political relations and\nthe success or failure of Chinese enterprisesâ?? foreign direct investment. The\nresults show that institutional distance and bilateral political relations have a\nsignificant impact on the success or failure of foreign direct investment, and\nbilateral political relations have a negative regulatory effect on the relationship\nbetween institutional distance and the success or failure of foreign investment.\nThe nature of corporate property rights will also play an important\nrole in the regulation of bilateral political relations....
The economically underdeveloped regions have improved the economic efficiency\nby accommodating industries in economically developed regions, and\nhave absorbed the employment of residents. This is an important path for\neconomic transformation in economically underdeveloped regions. In economically\nunderdeveloped areas to undertake industrial transfer, it is necessary\nto give play to the advantages of resource endowment in backward regions.\nIt is necessary to realize technology introduction through industrial\nundertaking, and it is necessary to accelerate the cultivation of local market\nentities. So as to truly utilize the resource advantages, technology advantages\nand talent advantages brought about by industrial transfer, which is the logic\nfor undertaking economic transfer in economically underdeveloped regions.\nAt present, in the process of undertaking industrial transfer in economically\nunderdeveloped areas, there are some scientific difficulties such as lack of\nscientific programs to undertake industries, neglect of technology introduction\nin industrial transfer, and low participation of local market participants.\nTherefore, economically underdeveloped areas should combine regional resource\nendowments to formulate scientific industrial undertaking plans; at\nthe same time, backward areas must strengthen the introduction of industrial\ntechnology, attach importance to the promotion of industry, schools, and research\ninstitutes; and the level of local participation encourages local companies\nto participate in the transfer of industries....
This paper compares the intervention degree and effectiveness of social\nworker intervention in general pension institutions and high-end pension institutions\nto explore the necessity and importance of it in the construction of\nelderly self-organization through comprehensive analysis of demand satisfaction,\nresource allocation, capacity-building and organizational structure, and\ndraws a conclusion that the degree of elderly self-organization is positively\nrelated to the effectiveness of social workers intervention....
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